Friday, January 14, 2011

Sesawe翻墙指南连载:什么是网页代理(WEB PROXY)?

来源:Sesawe(国际反封锁联盟)

有的被屏蔽网站在本地 无法直接访问,你可以通过网页代理访问。通常,网页代理都有一个表单,你可以在表单里提交想要访问的网址。然后网页代理就会显示你要的页面,但是不会让你和被请求网站之间建立直接联系。

在使用网页代理时,你不需要安全 软件或改变计算机设置。相反,你首先找到网页代理的网址 ,然后输入你想要访问的网址,接着点击“提交(submitprox1.png)”按钮(或类似按钮)。任何计算机都可以使用网页代理,包括网吧里的计算机。

免费网页代理包括 CGIProxyPHProxy以及Zelune等。所有网页代理都提供相同的基本功能,但有些代理的特定功能(比如访问视频)更强。 

你可以从http://www.peacefire.org/circumventor/加入邮件列表 ,或在任何一个搜索引擎里搜索“免费网页代理”,然后就可以找到类似http://www.proxy.org/这样的网页代理。 

(如果你所在的国家不限制网络访问,并且你愿意帮助其他人绕开审查,你可以在自己的网站或家庭计算机上安装一个网页代理脚本。)

Proxy.org逐一列出了数千个免费的网页代理:

proxy.org.png

此外还有私人网页代理。只有代理提供者的联系人才知道这些代理,使用者人数有限。它们在某些情况下会派上用场,比如当你一定 要访问某些内容,或者为了保护隐私,使用信得过的人提供的代理。

优点和风险

网页代理简单易用,你无需安装任何软件,如果 在未过滤地区没有可靠的联系人,你甚至 可以使用公开的网页代理。私人网页代理可以定制,从而满足使用者的不同需要,并且更不易被审查机构发现和屏蔽。

但是网页代理也有潜在的风险 。它们一般只允许网页浏览(HTTP),所以无法用于电子邮件和即时通讯服务。很多网页代理都不支持多媒体(如YouTube),或者无法加密(SSL, 安全套接协议层)。有些需要认证 的网络服务(如网络电子邮件)通过网页代理无法使用全部功能,你的密码和其它信息可能被监视或被盗。

网页代理还可能 被屏蔽或拦截。公开网页代理的网址通常广为人知,可能被屏蔽。私人网页代理需要使用者在未屏蔽地区有联系人。网络运行商可以拦截未经加密的网页代理通讯内容,所以关键词过滤对未加密网页代理可能依然有效。
网页代理使用者需要记住,网页代理提供者可以读取自己的通讯内容,记录使用网页代理的IP地址。如果这些信息会给你带来危险,你应该谨慎选择网页代理。


Sesawe翻墙指南连载:绕开网络过滤的简单技巧

来源:Sesawe(国际反封锁联盟)

绕开网络过滤的简单技巧

有一些技术可以绕开互联网过滤。如果你的目的仅仅是访问在本地被 屏蔽的网页或服务,而不担心是否有人会发现并监视你的规避行为, 以下这些技巧就足够了:

  • 通过第三方网站访问被屏蔽内容。
  • 通过替代域名 (或域名服务器)访问被屏蔽内容。
  • 通过电子邮件网关使用电子邮件获得被屏蔽网页。

通过第三方网站

有几种不同的方法可以让你通过第三方网站访问网页内容,而不用直接访问原网站。

webproxy.png 

缓存网页

很多搜索引擎都留有收录网页的备份。在搜索一个网站时,你可以在搜索结果旁边看到一个标有"缓存(cached)"的链接。因为你是从搜索引擎的服务器中检索被屏蔽网页,而不是从被屏蔽网站上,所以你也许能够访问被屏蔽内容。但是,有些国家也把缓存服务作为屏蔽的对象。

g.png 

RSS聚合器

RSS聚合器(RSS aggregators)是可以允许你订阅并阅读RSS 推送文件(feeds)的网站。所谓RSS推送文件就是你订阅的网站发布的新闻信息流及其它信息(RSS是"超简单聚合 【Really Simple Syndication】"的缩写;想了解更多使用信息,请参考http://rssexplained.blogspot.com/)。RSS聚合器会 连接其它网站,下载你订阅的推送文件,然后展示给你。既然是聚合器访问其它网站,而不是你,你或许可以访问本该被屏蔽的网站。当然,该方法只适用于那些发 布RSS推送文件的网站,因而对博客和新闻网站来说最有用。免费的在线RSS聚合器有很多。其中最著名的包括Google阅读器 (http://reader.google.com))和Bloglines (http://www.bloglines.com)。

以下是Google阅读器显示新闻内容的示例:

 

googlereader3_1.png

翻译器

网上也有很多语言翻译服务,通常由搜索引擎提供。如果你通过翻译服务访问一个网站,访问被屏蔽网站的是该翻译网站,而不是你。这样你就可以看到翻译成其它语言的被屏蔽内容。

即便你不想翻译文字内容,你也可以通过翻译服务绕开屏蔽。为此,你需要选择一种原网站上没有的语言,然后翻译成原网站语言。比如,为了使用翻译服务 访问一个英文网站,你可以选择从中文到英文的翻译服务。该翻译服务只翻译中文部分(英文网站没有中文),英文部分不变(也就是整个网页)。

流行的翻译服务包括 http://babelfish.yahoo.com/ 以及http://translate.google.com/等

以下这个例子演示了使用Babelfish浏览网页的三个必要步骤。首先输入你想访问的网址链接:

babelfish1.png

接着,选择你希望在该网站上看到的语言。在本例中,我们让Babelfish把韩语翻译成英语。既然 没有韩语文字,页面将保持不变。

babelfish2.png

选好语言之后,点击"翻译"就会出现 希望访问的页面。

babelfish3.png

窄带过滤器

窄带过滤器(Low-bandwidth filters)是一种网络服务,其目的是让你在网速比较慢的地方更容易地浏览网页。它们会删除或减少图片,去掉广告,压缩网站使其使用更少的数据 ,所以下载更快。但是,和 翻译和聚合服务一样,你可以通过窄带过滤器绕开网站屏蔽,从这些过滤服务网站读取数据,而不是从你的计算机上 。http://loband.org/ 是一个有用的窄带过滤服务网站。

通过替代域名服务器或域名

简单来说,DNS服务器可以把对人友好的网址(如google.com)转化成IP地址(如72.14.207.19),该地址可以找到存有目标网 页的服务器 。此服务通常由网络服务提供商的DNS服务器提供。通过向DNS请求提供 错误或无效的相应 就可以实现简单的DNS屏蔽。

你可以通过以下办法绕开屏蔽:

替代域名

审查 一个网站的最常用办法就是屏蔽其域名,比如,"news.bbc.co.uk"。但是,通常通过其它域名也可以访问同一网站,比如"newsrss.bbc.co.uk"。如果一个域名被屏蔽了,你可以试试能否通过其它域名访问该网站。

替代DNS服务器

这种方法延伸一下就是绕开当地ISP 的域名服务器,通过第三方服务器访问被ISP服务器屏蔽的域名。你可以尝试一些免费的、国际通用的DNS服务。OpenDNS (https://www.opendns.com /)可以提供这样的服务,并且还可以指导你如何改变计算机使用的DNS服务器(https://www.opendns.com/smb/start /computer/)。这里还有一个不断更新的全球DNS服务器列表:http://www.dnsserverlist.org/。

通过电子邮件服务

电子邮件和网络邮件 可以用来和朋友及同事分享文档,甚至可以用来浏览网页。

通过电子邮件访问网页

和窄带过滤服务一样,这些服务适用于网速低 或网络不安全 的用户, 允许用户通过电子邮件发出网页请求。服务网站会回复一封邮件,在邮件正文或者在附件中会包含所请求的页面。这些网站需要你为每个网页发送独立的请求,然后 等待邮件回复,因而非常难用 。但是在某些情况下,尤其是当你通过安全的网页邮件服务访问这些网站时,它们在访问被屏蔽网站时效率很高。

pagegetter.com就是这样一个服务。在 使用时,你需要向web@pagegetter.com发送一封邮件,在主题或正文中包含一个或多个网址。然后你就会收到包括嵌入 图片在内的完整请求 页面。

由于很多电子邮件客户端无法显示多窗口页面 (frames,一种在同一窗口显示多个页面的方法),请求网页 会通过多封邮件发送。但如果你的邮件客户端支持多窗口页面 (如Outlook Express),你可以在同一封邮件中收到所有多窗口页面。在这种情况下,需要发送邮件到 ⁞ frames@pagegetter.com

text@pagegetter.com发送邮件可以收到纯文字版的网页,尤其适用于手持电脑 (PDA),手机和纯文本电子邮件系统。你还可以发送电子邮件到HTML@pagegetter.com接收不含图片的完整HTML网页。

web2mail.com提供类似的服务。在使用时,发送邮件到www@web2mail.com,并在标题栏 输入你想访问的网页地址。你还可以通过在标题栏输入搜索关键词进行简单的网页搜索。比如,你可以在邮件标题栏输入"搜索审查绕行工具",然后把邮件发送到 www@web2mail.com,就可以搜索审查绕行工具。

你可以在ACCMAIL邮件列表中找到更多与该话题相关的信息和支持。向listserv@listserv.aol.com发送一封正文含有"SUBSCRIBE ACCMAIL"字样的邮件,你就可以订阅该列表。

通过网页邮件分享文档

如果你想在线分享文档,但希望控制浏览权限,你可以把它们放在一个私人空间,只有输入正确的密码才可以访问。有一个简单办法可以让你跟好友和同事分享文档,那就是使用网络电子邮件提供商提供的网络邮件账户,比如Gmail(https://mail.google.com/),然后跟你的好友和同事共享用户名和密码。由于大部分网络邮件服务都是免费的,你可以不时切换到新账户,让其他任何人都无法知道你们在做什么 。你可以在这里找到一个免费网络邮件提供商列表:www.emailaddresses.com/email_web.htm

优点和风险

这些简单技巧快捷易用;不用费事就可以使用。很多方法在很多数情况下(至少在某些时候)都可以发挥作用。但是,它们很容易被发现和屏蔽。由于它们不会对你的信息进行加密或隐藏, 很容易遭到关键词屏蔽和监视。

翻墙系列(二):如何报料

来源:自由亚洲电台

在中国用手机向媒体报料,不仅有被公安追踪的风险,还会遭遇防火墙的拦截。而翻墙报料可以减低风险,保护自己不受骚扰,也可以避免拦截。李建军介绍手机报料,特别强调了翻墙的重要性。



DC:又到翻墙专题的时间,今天主要讲报料。李建军,如果想报料给我们,手机用不用翻墙呢?

李:理论上,你不翻墙也可以报料给我们。只不过不翻墙报料会有两大风险。

首先,你不翻墙报料,有可能会被公安当局查到你的身份,那就会好麻烦,如果你用适当的翻墙技术,例如VPN,由于这一类翻墙技术,一般通讯都已经加密,中国当局并不容易知道你的报料内容,这样就可以确保你的报料能够成功送达。

另 一方面,如果你想用电邮直接报料给我们,RFA的域名电邮可能被中国当局拦截,但你翻墙之后,就不可能被拦截。此外,如果你的档案,是一些相当巨大的视频 档案,可能需要用到YouTube或者Dropbox这类能存大档案的服务,这些服务都被中国当局所封锁,那你就要用到翻墙。所以,翻墙报料对自身安全, 以至确保你报的料能够送到我们手中,是相当重要。

DC:那翻墙之后,又怎样可以报料给我们?

李:如果你在事发现场,而手 持是iPhone一类的智能手机的话,你可以先翻墙,然后选择你打算传给我们的照片,或者视频档案,再以电邮方式传到我们的邮箱,或者记者与你事先约定的 一个邮箱地址。这个方法,可以讲是最快捷的报料方式,特别你使用3G的服务,或者你的智能手机支持Wi-Fi,而你附近又有Wi-Fi热点,这个方法就更 好。

DC:但用电邮报料,又有什么限制?

李:主要限制在你所选用的邮箱服务,到底支援多大的附件。随服务而不同的,但我 们推荐的Gmail,可以支持25MB的附件,只要你不要一次过传送太多的照片或视频过来,基本上就没有问题。现时一般智能电话的照片大小,约几百KB至 2MB不等,每封电邮传几幅照片,是最稳当的做法。而视频视乎质素和长度,几MB到几十MB都有。但如果想报料成功,不需要用高清格式拍摄视频,一般标 清,不会太模糊不清就可以。而每段两至三分钟的视频,最适合以电邮即时发送。

DC:那手机上,除了Gmail,用QQ、雅虎邮箱成不成?

李:虽然QQ邮箱很大,雅虎邮箱也相当大,但由于这些服务供应商,多数与中国政府合作,一旦当局要追究报料人,这些供应商会将资料向当局提供,那就会在你身上重演一次师涛事件。因此,我们一般建议用Gmail户口。因为暂时Gmail在这方面的纪录相当不错。

DC:如果视频档案真的很大,怎算?

李:如果你的手机能够上传视频到YouTube,你可以赶快开个YouTube帐户,或以Gmail帐户登入YouTube,之后上传到YouTube,然后用电邮通知我们YouTube地址,这个方法都可以很方便将视频档案报给我们。

DC:如果并非用智能式手机,而是一些比较旧的手机,又怎办?

李: 这个问题比较头痛,因为旧的手机并无智能式手机完整的电邮介面,那就会麻烦一些。在这个时候,我们会推荐安装一些可以在较旧款手机,以Java语语执行的 Twitter软件,而使用这些软件报料给我们,就不一定要翻墙,因为他们透过一些主机,可以达到类似翻墙的效果。由于这部分涉及Twitter的运作, 将会在下两集Twitter QA中,我们详细教大家,利用Twitter联络我们,以及接收来自我们自由亚洲电台的最新新闻。

DC:最后一个问题,现时可以用Skype在电脑上传送档案,那在智能式手机上的 Skype暂时能不能?另外,智能式手机的QQ又能不能?

李: 暂时不成,因为现时智能手机版本的Skype暂时不支援档案传送功能,如果你想用Skype传送档案给我们,仍然最后是返家用你的电脑。而iPhone版 QQ是支持传送照片,只不过使用QQ当然有一定报料风险,但如果你翻了墙,开一个新的QQ帐户专用作报料之用,暂时都仍然算是安全的做法,因为中国当局会 以为你在海外连接QQ,未必知道到底是谁传资料过来。

DC:多谢李建军,下集我们会介绍利用赛风技术,翻墙看我们的网页,以及浏览更多网上的资料,下周五见。

翻墙系列(一):手机翻墙

来源:自由亚洲电台

近日大家对翻墙有了很浓厚的兴趣,无论在微博、BBS、网络论坛,甚至不少我们的听众,都在问翻墙的问题。除了因为推特上的苍井空事件,令大家对翻 墙有了很大好奇心外,另一方面,大家日常的网络生活,亦受到网络防火长城很大影响。简单而言,在谷歌退出中国后,由于将搜寻引擎搬到来香港,纵使谷歌香港 没有被封锁,但在大陆�当你输入一些特定字眼时,你打开不到相关网址,或者连结被中断。(李建军报道)


firewall_front_page305.jpg
粤语部手机网站网址 cantonese.rfa.org (无须在前面加"www.")

DC:各位听众你们好,由今年开始,我们会推出一系列介绍翻墙技术节目,以一问一答形式,深入浅出介绍如何跨越中国的网络封锁,接触到最新的资讯。第一集,我们先介绍一下手机翻墙。只要有手机就可以浏览我们的网页,收听我们的节目。

李建军呀,我们自由亚洲电台刚推出粤语组手机版网站,网址是什么?

李:cantonese.rfa.org

DC �如果要利用手机看我们的网页,到底要准备什么?

李:要利用手机翻墙,现时的智能手机当然无问题,如果一般手机,而不是智能手机,那你的手机至少要能够执行Java以至支持互联网通讯,例如手机内置浏览器。不支持Java的手机,就算支持互联网通讯都可能不能翻墙,因为翻墙软件需要Java支持执行。

就算支持Java的手机,太旧款的都可能有问题,因为我们介绍的软件,需要较新版本的Java。但大体上,近两三年推出的手机,问题都不大。

DC:那要不要一定用3G服务?

李: 不一定,就算用2G都可以,因为手机版网页在内容设计上比较轻巧,对数据服务要求比较低。但如果你现时手机未开通GPRS服务或数据服务,那就要先开通有 关服务。现时可以透过手机短信或网上营业厅开通有关服务。但要注意的是,有部分中国移动神州行储值卡,本身不可以申请开通这类服务,例如中国移动神州行, 同时具备香港号码的卡便是。如果你在用这类卡,那你惟有另外购买一些可以开通,或者己经开通GPRS功能的储值卡。

DC:在翻墙前,手机设定上仲有什么要留意

李:中国移动现时有两个接入点,一个叫CMWAP,一个叫CMNET,要用到翻墙功能,不论那一款平台,都应该选择CMNET,而不是CMWAP,因为CMWAP的功能少了一大半,选择CMWAP做接入点,有可能会有连接上的问题。

类似情况,亦出现在中国联通3G服务上,一个叫UNIWAP,一个叫UNINET,正确应该选择UNINET。

当然,有部分用户CMNET的GRPS服务费,可能比CMWAP要贵, 所以在翻墙前,要问清楚你现时在用的GPRS资费方案。以免被中国移动方面收了一大笔钱,因此就得不偿失。

firewall_info305.jpg
自由亚洲电台粤语部手机网站首页

DC:讲了这么多先决条件,那我想问一问,现时在手机上,有多少种不同的破网方法?

李:这要视乎平台。

对于一般 能够执行Java的非智能手机,最简单的方法就是下载一个自由门手机版,在动态网网页下载最新自由门手机版后,就可以轻松翻墙。对于Windows Mobile平台的手机,我们同样建议使用自由门针对Windows Mobile的版本。你下载自由门手机版时,会附带一个Opera Mini浏览器,你用这个浏览器上网就是。

只不过,使用自由门手机版的缺点是,很多时中国网络封锁升级时,自由门是首当其冲,换言之,当你发现你家中电脑的自由门或动态网用不了时,你手机的自由门都一样用不了。

至 于Windows Mobile、Symbian S60手机以及黑莓手机,亦可以下载Opera Mini或Skyfire的浏览器,同SkyPE一样,你要下载这些浏览器的海外版本,不要中国国内的版本。当你用这些浏览器上网时,因为这些浏览器会先 连接海外的主机再上网,那就会避过中国的网络封锁。

只不过,在利用这些浏览器上网前,不要执行太多程式,因为很容易看网页中途,程式崩溃,要重新启动手机。

DC:那对于iPhone和Android平台的智能手机,听众又可以怎样做呢?

自由门是没有针对iPhone和Android平台的版本,现时针对这两个平台,最有效和简单的方案是利用VPN,你可以设定一个海外免费或付费的VPN,而两个平台的手机设定部分,都可以让你设定VPN。

对于Android平台,不想设定VPN,仲有一个方法就是设定Tor,在Android Market上,就可以找到Tor程式,按指示安装就基本上可以。对于惯于在电脑上用Tor的朋友,Android Tor的用法是更为简单。

DC:多谢你李建军。在下周五同样时间,我们会有另一辑翻墙问答,如果你有什么翻墙上的问题,欢迎你们电邮过来,我们会很乐意在节目中,一并回应听众的提问。

自由亚洲电台:翻墙(Getting Around Internet Blockage)

来源:自由亚洲电台

Some countries block access to the RFA websites. Here, you can learn how to use a proxy server, or subscribe to an e-newsletter bringing news directly to your email.

As the governments of more countries use technology to block their citizens' access to certain Web sites on the Internet, you might encounter difficulty visiting the RFA sites.

However, there are many ways to bypass the Internet blockage.

One of the most popular ways is to use proxy servers. You can get updated proxy information sent to you automatically by sending an e-mail to proxies@rfanews.org. Note: Send an email regularly to get currently working proxies.

If you don’t know how to use a proxy server, please, read the instructions below on how to set up your own computer to use proxy or use a proxy on another Web site.

Increasingly in China, people can access censored Web sites via special portal pages called “Client side software.” These are services provided by companies that specialize in offering free access to information. We recommend Freegate, from Dynaweb, and several others (see below.)

You can also get the news via e-mail. Several of our news services distribute their stories via e-mail newsletter and we've provided links to make it easy for you to sign up.

If you wish to share information about ways to overcome Internet censorship, write to us at contact@rfa.org; or post it on our English-language message board, in a special section called Internet and Technology

Web Access - E-mail Newsletters

Another way to read RFA news is by subscribing to an e-newsletter published by one of our language services. Use the links below to sign up:

Cantonese newsletter: Register here or write to Cnews-join@rfanews.org

Korean newsletter: Register here or write to korean-join@rfanews.org

Mandarin newsletter: Register here or write to mnews-join@rfanews.org

Uyghur newsletter: Register here or write to uygnews-join@rfanews.org

Vietnamese newsletter: Register here or write to Vietnews-join@rfanews.org

If you would like to share information about ways to overcome Internet censorship, write to us at contact@rfa.org; or post it on our English-language message board, in a special section called Internet and Technology.

(back to top)

What's a client's side software

Client-side software enable users to browse the Internet freely. The experience is the same as while using the regular Internet Explorer browser but it automatically searches the highest speed proxy servers in the background or it uses a parallel network of servers maintained by a company that promotes freedom of information on the Internet.

Fire-Phoenix.jpg
Fire Phoenix is a relatively new comer to censorship busting. The system routes its network traffic through VPN tunnels and uses NAT to manage servers behind the 10.0.0.0 network.It effectively encrypts all your Internet traffic and anonymizes your IP address.
http://firephoenix.edoors.com/ In English: http://firephoenix.edoors.com/english.html

dongtaiwang.jpg
Freegate is developed and maintained by Dynaweb. It is a front end to a network of proxies. In Chinese, the service is called dongtaiwang.
http://www.dongtaiwang.com

You can download the Freegate client software at:

http://www.dongtaiwang.com/loc/software/freeu/17/FreeU17.exe

http://www.dongtaiwang.com/loc/software/freeu/17/FreeU17.zip

RFA version of Freegate can be downloaded at: http://www.dongtaiwang.com/loc/software/freeu/17/FreeU17r.exe

Freegate also available for download from download.com

freegate-mobile.jpg
Freegate Mobile Version is a DynaWeb, Java application that enables cell phones and portable devices in China to access the Freegate Web portal. From there, open access to the Internet is available.

This application works with more than 20 different models of cell phones in China, but not Apple’s iPhone.

FreeGate Windows Mobile version 1.0. can be found here.

freenet-75.jpg
Freenet

Freenet is free software which lets you anonymously share files, browse and publish "freesites" (web sites accessible only through Freenet) and chat on forums, without fear of censorship. Freenet is decentralised to make it less vulnerable to attack, and if used in "darknet" mode, where users only connect to their friends, is very difficult to detect.

http://freenetproject.org/

garden.jpg
Garden Networks, launched in 2001, was the first intelligent proxy tool to help Internet users in China gain access to blocked sites. It uses a number of measures, including encryption, to defeat the blocking and filtering mechanisms of Internet censors.

Garden client software GTunnel is a Windows application that works as a local HTTP or SOCKS proxy server. After setting your proxy to GTunnel in the Web browser or other Internet applications, the traffic is encrypted and goes through the GTunnel server farm before it reaches its original destination.
http://gardennetworks.com

gpass.jpg
Gpass is also new and uses a system similar to Fire Phoenix. It is operated and maintained by the World’s Gate, Inc.
http://gpass1.com

"Green Tsunami" is a software designed to disable or get rid of "Green Dam," a filtering software released by the Chinese government. A deadline requiring the mandatory installation of filters on all computers in China was postponed by the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. But it could be installed in schools and Internet cafés.
"Green Tsunami," developed by the Global Internet Freedom Consortium, and can be downloaded from here:

http://gpass1.com/gpass/download-en

UltraSurf.jpg
UltraSurf – called Wujie in Chinese, meaning borderless - requires no installation or change in system setting; it is an executable file on Windows platform.

http://www.wujie.net

Download UltraSurf Client Software at:

http://www.wujie.net/download/u1005.zip

(back to top)

Put a proxy on your flash drive

There is a way to have a portable proxy, one you can use on any computer safely.

By using UltraSurf, you can put proxy software on your flashdrive for use on any computer, either at home or at an Internet cafe.


1. Insert your flash drive into a USB port on your computer.
2. Go to this Web site and download this .exe file to the drive:
http://www.wujie.net/download/u1005.exe

With this .exe (executable) file on your flash drive you don't need to install it on a computer. Start the program by inserting your flash drive into any computer's USB port, and double-click on the file to open UltraSurf.

3. Or download the zipped file here:

http://www.wujie.net/download/u1005.zip

After you have downloaded the zipped file (*.zip), extract the .exe Ultrareach file with WinZip. Start the program by double-clicking the extracted file on your flash drive.

4. Click on the .exe file

UltraSurf will open an interface and an Internet Explorer browser window. There will be a lock on the bottom right corner of the screen which means UltraSurf is running and your IE browsing is under protection.

You can minimize the interface, but you cannot close it. If it is closed, UltraSurf will quit. You can start surfing the Web in the current IE window, or open a new IE window to do browsing.

5. Click on the "Exit" button to quit UltraSurf.

For help, refer to the Ultrareach user guide: http://www.wujie.net/downloads/ultrasurf/UltraSurf6_userGuide_en.zip

(back to top)

Web Access - Open Proxies

What is an open proxy?

An open proxy is a proxy server which will accept client connections from any IP address and make connections to any Internet resource. It is not hard to find open proxy servers on the Web.

How do I find open proxies?

Lists of open proxy servers can be found in seconds with a simple online search. These lists are frequently updated, and some even include bandwidth statistics info and where the server is hosted.

Below are instructions on how to configure your Internet browser to access an open proxy. You can also see an illustrated version of these instructions on our message boards .

A word of caution: Many open proxy servers are short-lived and you may have to repeat this process as necessary, and open proxies may not work well if your ISP has installed content filters.

If you would like to share information about ways to overcome Internet censorship, write to us at contact@rfa.org; or post it on our English-language message board, in a special section called Internet and Technology.

Setting up your proxy

Setting up proxies in Windows Internet Explorer is fairly easy. Assume you find an open proxy via an online search:

Example of Proxy IP: 203.162.168.163 Proxy port: 80

You can follow the 4 steps below to set up your IE browser to use an open proxy server:

Step 1

Load Internet Explorer

Go to Tools

Click Internet Options…

Step 2

Click the tab: Connections

Home computers connected using:

Dial-up connection - click on your connection name under Dial-up and Virtual Private Network settings Router - Click the button: LAN Settings...

Computers connected to a LAN:

Click the button: LAN Settings...

Step 3

Mark the option: Use a proxy server for this connection

Mark the option: Bypass proxy server for local addresses

Click the button: Advanced

Step 4

Type under HTTP: 203.162.168.163

Type under Port: 80

Mark the option: Use the same proxy server for all protocols

Type under: Do not use proxy server..: local

Click OK in all windows.

(back to top)

Web Access - CGI Proxy

What is a CGI Proxy?

A CGI proxy is a free script that can be found on many Web pages that acts as an HTTP or FTP proxy. What this means is that through a CGI proxy, you can access any Web site using the server of a different Web site.

For example, some organizations may block the URL "http://www.rfa.org" with their firewall, but by using CGI proxy you can get around this. A CGI proxy allows the Web user to be anonymous and access Web sites that may be restricted.

How it works

A proxy server is a computer network service which allows users to make indirect connections to other network services. A user connects to the proxy server, and then requests a connection, file, or other resource available on a different server.

Proxy servers can help in when owners of the Internet resources impose restrictions on users from certain countries or geographical regions.

As well as providing a way to access blocked Web pages, a CGI proxy can also provide some degree of anonymity. Although it is not foolproof, it can prevent the Web site you are viewing from knowing more about you.

How to Find CGI Proxies on the Web

As the filename of the script is usually nph-proxy.pl or nph-proxy.cgi, use a search engine (Yahoo, Google, etc.) to look for sites with pages that contain these files. Use these phrases as a serch term: Search for nph-proxy , Search for nph-proxy.pl, Search for nph-proxy.cgi

You can also search using the phrase start using CGIProxy to find Web sites hosting CGI proxies. In the results, you will find a list of pages that offer the use of CGI Proxy, or that link to another page offering access to CGI Proxy.

If you just need a fast way to get around blocking software, try going to the following sites, enter the URL of the restricted site you want to visit, and the proxy will access the site for you. However, since these are public sites, they might be blacklisted by your ISP.

Here are just a few:

http://www.stupidcensorship.com/

http://proxify.com/ (This is free but there is also a version available for a fee.)

http://en.cship.org/wiki/Main_Page

(back to top)

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks

A peer-to-peer computer network relies primarily on the power and bandwidth of each of the participants in the network. It is a connection between equals and it is typically used to share audio or video files, or anything in digital format.

It differs from the "client-side" model where communication happens via a server.

The concept of peer-to-peer has evolved and can also mean file-sharing between people.

TOR
Tor
is an Internet communication system that allows people to communicate anonymously. It can be used as an outproxy to the regular Internet, or as an access to hidden services inside its own network.

However, users must understand that there are limitations to the anonymity. TOR hides the user's connection but not the data. Data traveling between the user (or client) and the TOR network is encrypted, but the data between the TOR network and Web sites he visits is NOT encrypted.

http://www.torproject.org/

Tor on Android

Tor is available for Android by installing the package named Orbot.

xB-Browser.jpg
XeroBank Browser
, (xB Browser), previously called Torpark, is a portable browser originally based on Firefox with Tor access built into it. xB Browser is designed for use on portable media such as a USB flash drive but it can also be used on any hard disk drive. As such, a secure and encrypted connection to any of the Tor routers can be created from any computer with an Internet connection. The browser clears all data that was created on the portable drive upon exit or on demand.

xB Browser works by routing Internet traffic through several servers, obscuring the originating address. For a more complete explanation of the functioning of the system, see Tor.

xB Browser is preconfigured, and the settings, especially within the browser, should not be modified unless done by an expert.

http://xerobank.com/xB_browser.html

Psiphon, developed by The Citizen Lab at the Munk Centre for International Studies at the University of Toronto, is a censorship circumvention program. It was released on Dec. 1, 2006.

The software works by having people who live in uncensored countries, like Canada or the U.S., install a psiphon server on their home computer, and then give the connection information to a few friends or family members that live inside censored countries. Because each psiphon node runs separately on private computers, and the connections among psiphon users and servers are encrypted, it is extremely difficult for authorities to block.

http://psiphon.civisec.org/

Keep coming back to this page as we shall update it regularly.