中国的互联网审查
Jun 25th 2009 | BEIJING
From The Economist print edition
来自 经济学人 印刷版
同步发表于www.ijingpin.com
THE internet is full of stuff of which China’s government disapproves. Yet there are 300m Chinese internet-users. Keeping the two apart has embroiled the Chinese authorities in a long cat-and-mouse struggle. Service-providers and internet cafés are closely supervised, and a wide array of filtering mechanisms already overlays the national internet architecture. A fresh initiative goes one step further. From July 1st every personal computer sold in China will have to come with new filtering software called Green Dam Youth Escort.
互联网上有许多中国政府不认同的内容。但中国现在有3亿网民。使网民远离不良信息是中国政府长期以来在努力为之奋斗的一场猫和老鼠的游戏。现在都受到严密监控，一大批装置已经被安装在网络上，以监控网络服务供应商和网吧。现在一个新的举措开展了，从7月1号开始，中国境内出售的每一台电脑都要安装一个叫绿坝-花季护航的信息过滤软件
It has yet to be decided whether Green Dam must be pre-loaded, or left on a disk for users to install. But it has sparked an uproar. Chinese internet users have vented online their spleen at being nannied. Hackers are reported to have mounted repeated attacks on the website of Green Dam’s developer. It has also received more than 1,000 harassing phone-calls, including death threats.
绿坝是先要预装还是用户自行安装还没有确定。但绿坝已经引起了争议。广大网民已经在网上发泄不满，据报道黑客们对绿坝开发商的网站进行大量的攻击，软件提供商还收到了1000多个抗议电话，其中还包括了死亡威胁。
An American firm, Solid Oak Software, claims Green Dam includes stolen copyrighted code from one of its products, and has launched legal action. Computer makers are understandably reluctant to abet a massive censorship scheme, or to anger their customers with unwelcome software. Moreover, independent experts at the University of Michigan found Green Dam to be riddled with outdated code and security flaws that would leave computers at risk.
美国软件公司Solid Oak称绿坝软件盗用了他们某一款产品的编码，该公司已经准备采取法律行动。可以理解的是，电脑制造商不愿成为网络审查行动的工具，因为它们不愿意因为软件而使消费者生气。另外，密歇根大学独立专家发现绿坝中存在安装漏洞而使电脑面临安全风险。
America’s Commerce Department this week lodged a formal complaint with the Chinese government, asking it to rescind the new rule. The government stresses Green Dam’s role in protecting young people from “unhealthy” and “poisonous” pornographic and violent content. But the Michigan experts found that it is also scans text for “politically sensitive” phrases.
本周 美国商务部将对中国政府的进行正式抗议，要求中国废止预装软件的政策。中国政府说绿坝意在保护青少年远离不健康和色情的图片和暴力视频。但密歇根的专家却发现该软件同时扫描政治敏感内容。
Whether to do with Tibet, Taiwan, or Falun Gong, a spiritual sect, there are plenty of these, leading to sites deemed “harmful” by China. In a year of harder economic times and sensitive political anniversaries, the authorities are especially edgy.
任何同西藏问题，台湾问题和FaLun功等相关的东西，在中国都是被认为有害的。在中国经济情况艰难政治环境敏感的一年，政府显得尤为谨慎。
Despite the opposition, however, which includes a grassroots attempt to organise an internet boycott in China on July 1st, the government remains undaunted, promising that technical flaws will be fixed and that Green Dam will go forward. It has also opened a second front, lashing out at Google for including a feature in its Chinese service that automatically completes search-query terms—it complains that this can lead users to sites containing pornography.
尽管反对者重重，包括一些草根人物准备在七月一号联合抵制，但中国政府毫不气馁，并说技术缺点会解决，计划将会照常。另外中国政府报怨谷歌的搜索内容会有大量的色情信息而遭谴责
Google has long struggled to reconcile its corporate credo (“Don’t be evil”) with the onerous demands of China’s internet regulators. It has promised to renew its efforts to keep in line with Chinese standards. But the company also has fair cause to wonder why it has been singled out. Its main Chinese competitor, Baidu, is just as good at finding smut.
长期以来 Google都努力在“不要作恶”的同时与中国互联网监管者要求中寻求平衡。现在谷歌已承诺会做出改变以符合中国标准。但同时谷歌为什么只有自己被盯上。因为它在中国的竞争者 百度 身上可以找到同样的东西来。
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